Since almost all businesses now use at least a few computers or online accounts in some capacity, malware poses a threat to your business as well. These malicious programs, which range from viruses and ransomware to spyware and Trojans, can steal sensitive data, disrupt operations, incur financial costs, and damage your reputation.
Fortunately, you don’t need to be a tech expert to take strong steps against malware. These practical small business cybersecurity tips can help you prevent malware infections, protect sensitive data, reduce ransomware risk, and keep your operations running smoothly.
1. Understand malware threats facing small businesses
Many business owners assume that cybercriminals only target large corporations, but small and medium-sized businesses are often favored targets because they’re seen as easier to breach. You don’t need to become a cyber expert, but taking a few moments each month to learn about malware and current threats will pay off. Look into how cybercriminals typically infect machines with malware, such as through phishing, malicious websites, or outdated software.
It’s important to know your digital footprint by inventorying your network, devices, and software. This helps you understand where your data is and how it is protected. Pay attention to any software running on your network that’s remote desktop or remote access software, which can be used to gain access and install malware when it isn’t updated or configured correctly. Generally, opt to disable remote access wherever possible.
2. Secure your business network with a firewall
Your business network is the digital doorway into your systems. Protect your router by changing the default password. Look into purchasing a firewall—either a device or software program that acts as a barrier between your internal network and potential threats from the internet. Make sure your firewall is configured to monitor all traffic, including email, cloud apps, and media streaming. Most routers used by small businesses and in home offices include built-in firewalls. Review the settings and ensure the firewall is turned on. Many business ISPs offer this as part of their internet service packages, and they can also be a resource during setup to ensure the firewall is configured correctly. Also, keep the router’s firmware updated—ideally, by setting up automatic updates. Finally, note the end-of-life timeline of the router. Router manufacturers stop supporting old hardware, so make sure you know when your device has stopped receiving support. Additionally, replace devices that become obsolete.
3. Invest in multilayered malware protection
Today, security requires a multifaceted approach, and most high-quality security tools protect you in several ways. Use a combination of anti-malware, anti-ransomware, and endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools that can detect and block a wide range of threats. An MSP (managed service provider) can help a lot here, too. Choose reputable software that regularly updates its threat database and offers automatic scans. Some tools can even flag vulnerabilities in your current systems before they’re exploited.
4. Keep software, devices, and systems updated
Cybercriminals exploit known security flaws in outdated software. Ensure your operating systems, applications, plugins, and drivers are always up to date. We recommend enabling automatic updates whenever possible. It’s worth the time it takes to update.
5. Encrypt sensitive business data
Even if your system is breached, encryption can help protect your data. Encryption converts readable data into a code that requires a digital key to unlock. Use encryption tools for sensitive files, customer information, financial records, and cloud storage. Many operating systems and software platforms now offer built-in encryption features, but you should make sure they’re activated.
6. Protect laptops, phones, and other business devices
Lost or stolen devices like laptops, USB drives, or company smartphones can expose your business to serious risk. Secure your physical workspace with locks, alarm systems, and surveillance cameras. Use full-disk encryption and strong login credentials, such as strong passwords and MFA, for all hardware, and enable remote wipe features when you can.
7. Create a cybersecurity policy for employees
Develop a written cybersecurity policy that includes rules for internet use, data handling, software installation, and reporting suspicious activity. You don’t need to be dictatorial—the National Cybersecurity Alliance has resources that are friendly and easy to understand. NIST also has helpful resources for small businesses. Educate your team regularly with training and clear communication about evolving threats.
8. Require long, unique passwords and MFA
Weak passwords are an open door for attackers, especially if they are reused. Require your employees to use strong, unique passwords for all business accounts. Passwords should be at least 16 characters long, unique to each account, and a random mix of letters, numbers, and symbols. Start using a password manager at your company to help your people generate and securely store their passwords. Nowadays, you should consider going passwordless by using passkeys. Single sign-on and biometric MFA are also very secure methods to adopt.
9. Build a malware incident response plan
No system is 100% “hackproof.” Before you have a malware or hacking incident, have a plan in place. Create an incident response plan so you’re prepared if malware does get through. Define steps for identifying an attack, containing the damage, notifying affected parties, and restoring operations. Assign roles and responsibilities. You can even rehearse your response like a fire drill.
10. Back up business data regularly
Backups can be a lifesaver in a malware attack, especially in the case of ransomware. Back up essential files daily or weekly, depending on your business needs. Store backups in at least two locations, such as an external hard drive as well as a secure cloud service. Protect these backup locations with security controls.
You can protect your small business from malware
Small businesses are attractive targets for cybercriminals, but you aren’t powerless. By combining employee education, network security, malware protection software, strong passwords, encryption, backups, and a clear response plan, you can dramatically reduce your risk and build a safer digital foundation for your business.
